How does one differentiate between true and false prophets? The Bible gives numerous criteria for such discernment, but biblical scholars have long recognized the challenge to their applicability. Focusing on the book of Jeremiah, my investigation leads me toward a clearer understanding of what constitute a true prophet and a list of criteria on how to distinguish them from false prophets. My criteria bring attention primarily to the person and the message of the prophet. These criteria do not eliminate all doubts for all prophetic claims, but I argue that they prove to be useful enough to inspire confidence for the assessment of prophets. It is my contention that complexity and difficulties should not lead one to conclude that prophetic discernment is impossible. Like in many more areas, discernment criteria expect the use of prudence and wisdom in their application.
Septuagint Exodus has long been recognized as an outlier when it comes to the general rigidity and stereotypical translation practices found in other books within the LXX corpus. The general freedom exhibited by the translator, though expressed within careful limits, is well-documented when it comes to grammatical, syntactical, and lexicographical evaluations. This thesis, while engaging in the descriptive analysis of these topics, is also directed towards a new type of synthesis: a comparison of the translation with Ptolemaic legal norms. It is due to the idiosyncrasies and anomalies arising from a translation-technical analysis that the question is asked, “Could these differences be accounted for by consulting Greek legal and societal standards?” With respect to Exodus 21.1-32, the answer in many cases is, “Yes.” This study demarcates these potential influences on a verse by verse basis after briefly identifying the broader legal structures and forces at play in Ptolemaic Egypt.
When compared with compositional works of Koiné Greek, the syntax of the Septuagint can appear peculiar in some ways and quite familiar in others. In order to provide an approach that accounts for this peculiarity and enables rigorous syntactical interpretation of the Septuagint, this thesis develops a hypothesis that Septuagintal syntax is reflective of Koiné syntax with a measure of Hebrew influence. It then sets forth a methodology that takes into full account both Greek syntactical strictures and Hebrew interference, and situates this methodology among other approaches to Septuagintal syntax. Subsequently, this study applies its method to a detailed analysis of a few aspects of relative clauses in the Septuagint, namely, the variation of relative pronouns and use of resumptive pronouns in relative clauses. It concludes that the method followed in this study is successful in analyzing the unusual syntax of the Septuagint and could be applied broadly.
This thesis presents the results of a detailed comparative analysis of the earliest known Greek text of Rahlfs's so-called Upper Egyptian text group (Rahlfs 2110) and the Gallican Psalter, as well as other hexaplaric witnesses as presented in Field's collection of hexaplaric fragments. This paper goes beyond the initial study conducted by Albert Pietersma in which he analyzed asterisked and obelized readings of the Gallican Psalter in comparison to Ra 2110 ("Origen's Corrections and the Text of P. Bodmer XXIV" [1993]). The results of my research reveal that Ra 2110 contains a number of hebraizing readings that agree with the Gallican Psalter. Some of the shared readings may be merely coincidence, others may be based on a shared connection to other witnesses thus eliminating the connection between Ra 2110 and Origen’s Hexapla of the Psalms; however, others seem to indicate a closer relationship between Origen's Hexapla and Ra 2110.